Below are basic linux command which may be useful for VLSI Engineers while working in linux OS and EDA tools.
1. ls : list files and directories
1. ls : list files and directories
ls -a : shows the hidden files/directories
ls -t : lists the files/directories on the basis of modification time
ls -l : indicates files/directories types,permissions,owner,size
2. clear : clear the terminal
3. man : It displays the whole manual of the command
4. cd : change directory
cd .. : back to parent directory
cd . : back to previous directory
cd ~ : go to home directory
5. pwd : present working directory
6. mkdir : create directory
mkdir directory_name
7. rmdir : delete directory
rmdir directory_name
8. touch : create a file
touch file_name
touch-a file_name : to change the file access time
touch-m file_name : to change the file modification time
touch file1 file 2 : to create multiple files
9. cp : copy command
cp <existing file_name> <new file_name>
10. mv : move command
mv-rf : recursive and force moving of a directory
11. vi file_name : create and edit a file using command prompt
i : insert the text
Esc+ :q : exit with saving
Esc+ :s : save only not exit
Esc+ :wq : save and exit
12. cat : stands for concatenate
cat file_name : It will display the content of file
cat -n file_name : It will display file with line number
cat file1 >> file2 : Will append the contents of one file to the end of another file
13. who : Used to get information about currently logged in user on to system
14. whoami : Displays the username of the current user when this command is invoked
15. chmod : change the access mode of a file
ls -l file_name : see the current permission of file
chmod 777 file_name : set all permissions for all users
chmod 754 file_name : set rwx for owner ,r-x for group and r-- for others
r: read
w: write
x: execute
16. chown : Used to change the file Owner or group
17. echo : Used to display line of text/string that are passed as an argument
18. exit : Used to exit the shell where it is currently running
19. history : used to view the previously executed command
20. head : To read the first 10 line in command line
head file_name : To read the first 10 lines of a file
head -n 6 file_name : To read the first 6 lines of a file
21. tail : To read the last 10 line in command line
tail file_name : To read the last 10 lines of file
tail -n 9 file_name : To read the last 9 lines of a file
22. sort : Used to sort a file, arranging the records in a particular order
sort file_name : sort the content of file
sort -n file_name : sorting a file which has numbers
sort -r file_name : sorting a file in reverse order
23. more : display text one screen at a time
24. less : Used to read contents of text file one screen per time
25. wc : Used to find out number of lines, word count and characters count in the files
wc -l file_name : To count number of lines in a file
wc -w file_name : To count number of words in a file
wc -c file_name : To count number of characters in a file
26. diff : Used to display the differences in the files by comparing the files line by line
diff file1 file 2 : to check the difference between two files
27. dir : Used to list the contents of a directory
28. kill : Used to terminate processes manually. kill command sends a signal to a process which terminates the process
29. ps : Used to list the currently running processes and their PIDs along with some other information depends on different options
30. top : displays all the running process within the environment of your system
31. uptime : Used to find out how long the system is running
32. users : Used to show the user names of users currently logged in to the current host
33. w : Used to show who is logged on and what they are doing
34. shutdown : Used to shutdown the system in a safe way
35. reboot : Instructs the system to restart or reboot
36. passwd : Used to change the user account passwords
37. lshw : Used to check the hardware information
38. date : Used to show the system date and time
39. cal : It display current month’s calendar as output
40. ping : Used to check the network connectivity between host and server
41. ifconfig : Used to configure the kernel-resident network interfaces
42. host : Used for DNS lookup operations
43. hostid : displays the host ID in hexadecimal format
44. hostname : To know the hostname
45. uname : Displays the information about the system
uname -a : It prints all the system information like: Kernel name, network node hostname, kernel release date, kernel version, machine hardware name, hardware platform, operating system
uname -s : It prints the kernel name
uname -n : It prints the the hostname of the network node
uname -r : It prints the kernel release date
uname -v : It prints the kernel version
46. env : Used to print all the current environment variables
47. grep : Searches a file for a particular pattern of characters, and displays all lines that contain that pattern
grep options pattern file_name
grep -i words file_name : display the lines contains searched words
grep -c pattern file_name : It prints only a count of the lines that match a pattern
grep -l pattern file1 file2 : display the files that contains the given pattern
grep -w words file_name : display the lines contains searched whole words
grep -o pattern file_name : display only the matched pattern
grep -n pattern file_name : show the line number of file with the line matched
grep -v pattern file_name : It prints out all the lines that do not matches the pattern
48. sed : stands for stream editor and used for finding,text substitution, replacement etc
49. iwconfig : Used to display the parameters, and the wireless statistics which are extracted from /proc/net/wireless
50. ip address : display all IP addresses
0 comments:
Post a Comment